Explore who held power in each world throne this year.

England
Henry VIII of England
all year
Western Europe

Scotland
James V of Scotland
all year
Western Europe

France
Francis I of France
all year
Western Europe

Spain
Charles V
all year
Western Europe

Portugal
John III of Portugal
all year
Western Europe

Holy Roman Empire
Charles V
all year
Central Europe

Papacy
Pope Adrian VI
from 29 Jan
Southern Europe

Ottoman Empire
Suleiman the Magnificent
all year
Eastern Mediterranean

China
Jiajing Emperor of Ming
all year
East Asia

Japan
Emperor Go-Kashiwabara
all year
East Asia

Japan (Shogunate)
Ashikaga Yoshiharu
all year
East Asia