
Tokugawa Yoshinobu
- Life
- 1837–1913
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Isabella II of Spain
Spain
1866–1868

Alexander II of Russia
Russia
1866–1868

Franz Joseph I of Austria
Austria
1866–1868
Wilhelm I
Prussia
1866–1868

William III of the Netherlands
Netherlands
1866–1868

Napoleon III
France
1866–1868

Victoria
Great Britain
1866–1868

Abdulaziz
Ottoman Empire
1866–1868

Tongzhi Emperor
China
1866–1868

Emperor Meiji
Japan
1867–1868

Luís I of Portugal
Portugal
1866–1868

Pope Pius IX
Papacy
1866–1868

Charles XV
Sweden
1866–1868

Emperor Kōmei
Japan
1866–1867
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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