
Recommended read
Imperial Spain, 1469–1716
J. H. Elliott
Elliott's classic on the rise of the Spanish monarchy and its global empire.

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Alexander II of Russia
Russia
1855–1881

Franz Joseph I of Austria
Austria
1848–1916

Emperor Meiji
Japan
1867–1912
Wilhelm I
Prussia
1861–1888

William III of the Netherlands
Netherlands
1849–1890

Victoria
Great Britain
1837–1901

Abdulaziz
Ottoman Empire
1861–1876

Tongzhi Emperor
China
1861–1875

Luís I of Portugal
Portugal
1861–1889

Pope Pius IX
Papacy
1846–1878

Charles XV
Sweden
1859–1872

Oscar II of Sweden
Sweden
1872–1907
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.

Recommended read
J. H. Elliott
Elliott's classic on the rise of the Spanish monarchy and its global empire.
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