The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Alexander II of Russia
Russia
1870–1873
Franz Joseph I of Austria
Austria
1870–1873
Emperor Meiji
Japan
1870–1873
Wilhelm I
Prussia
1870–1873
William III of the Netherlands
Netherlands
1870–1873
Victoria
Great Britain
1870–1873
Abdulaziz
Ottoman Empire
1870–1873
Tongzhi Emperor
China
1870–1873
Luís I of Portugal
Portugal
1870–1873
Pope Pius IX
Papacy
1870–1873
Charles XV
Sweden
1870–1872
Oscar II of Sweden
Sweden
1872–1873
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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