The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Franz Joseph I of Austria
Austria
1874–1885
Emperor Meiji
Japan
1874–1885
Wilhelm I
Prussia
1874–1885
William III of the Netherlands
Netherlands
1874–1885
Alexander II of Russia
Russia
1874–1881
Victoria
Great Britain
1874–1885
Guangxu Emperor
China
1875–1885
Luís I of Portugal
Portugal
1874–1885
Abdul Hamid II
Ottoman Empire
1876–1885
Oscar II of Sweden
Sweden
1874–1885
Pope Leo XIII
Papacy
1878–1885
Alexander III of Russia
Russia
1881–1885
Pope Pius IX
Papacy
1874–1878
Abdulaziz
Ottoman Empire
1874–1876
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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