The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
Netherlands
1912–1926
Alfonso XIII
Spain
1912–1926
Wilhelm II
Prussia
1912–1918
Franz Joseph I of Austria
Austria
1912–1916
Gustaf V of Sweden
Sweden
1912–1926
Charles I of Austria
Austria
1916–1918
Mehmed V
Ottoman Empire
1912–1918
Pope Benedict XV
Papacy
1914–1922
Nicholas II of Russia
Russia
1912–1917
Mehmed VI
Ottoman Empire
1918–1922
Pope Pius XI
Papacy
1922–1926
Pope Pius X
Papacy
1912–1914
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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