The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Sun Quan
China
229–252
Cao Rui
China
226–239
Severus Alexander
Rome
223–235
Cao Fang
China
239–254
Pope Fabian
Papacy
236–250
Gallienus
Rome
253–263
Sun Liang
China
252–258
Valerian
Rome
253–260
Gordian III
Rome
238–244
Philip the Arab
Rome
244–249
Cao Pi
China
223–226
Maximinus Thrax
Rome
235–238
Pope Urban I
Papacy
223–230
Volusianus
Rome
251–253
Trebonianus Gallus
Rome
251–253
Ingenuus
Rome
258–260
Pope Pontian
Papacy
230–235
Sun Xiu
China
257–263
Cao Mao
China
254–260
Pope Dionysius
Papacy
259–263
Pope Stephen I
Papacy
254–257
Cao Huan
China
260–263
Pope Cornelius
Papacy
251–253
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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