
A History of Japan to 1334
George Sansom
Sansom's foundation text for understanding early Japanese imperial institutions.

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Hadrian
Rome
131–138

Pope Pius I
Papacy
140–154

Pope Anicetus
Papacy
150–160

Pope Soter
Papacy
168–174

Antoninus Pius
Rome
138–161

Emperor Ling of Han
China
168–189

Marcus Aurelius
Rome
161–180
Emperor Huan of Han
China
146–168

Commodus
Rome
177–191

Lucius Verus
Rome
161–169

Pope Eleutherius
Papacy
175–189
Emperor Shun of Han
China
131–144
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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Well-regarded biographies and histories to go deeper on Emperor Seimu's life and times.

George Sansom
Sansom's foundation text for understanding early Japanese imperial institutions.
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